To Process a binary file as if it were text: # grep -a PATTERN /tmp/binģ3. To Print NUM lines of output context: # grep -C NUM PATTERNģ2. To Print NUM lines of leading context before matching lines: # grep -B NUM PATTERNģ1. To Print NUM lines of trailing context after matching lines: # grep -A NUM PATTERNģ0. To Output a zero byte instead of the character that normally follows a file name: # grep -Z PATTERNĢ9. To Report Unix-style byte offsets: # grep -u PATTERNĢ8. ![]() To Make sure that the first character of actual line content lies on a tab stop: # grep -T PATTERNĢ7. To Prefix each line of output with the 1-based line number within its input file: # grep -n PATTERNĢ6. To Display input actually coming from standard input as input coming from file LABEL: # grep -cd PATTERN | grep -label=mysearch -H PATTERNĢ5. To Suppress the prefixing of file names on output: # grep -h PATTERNĢ4. To Print the file name for each match: # grep -H PATTERNĢ3. To Print the 0-based byte offset within the input file before each line of output: # grep -b PATTERNĢ2. To Suppress error messages about nonexistent or unreadable files: # grep -s PATTERNĢ1. To Print only the matched (non-empty) parts of a matching line: # grep -o PATTERNĢ0. To Stop reading a file after NUM matching lines: # grep -m NUMġ9. To Quiet do not write anything to standard output Exit immediately with zero status if any match is found: # grep -qġ8. To Suppress normal output instead print the name of each input file from which output have been printed: # grep -lġ7. To Suppress normal output instead print the name of each input file, from out will not be expected: # grep -Lġ6. To display in color: # grep -color PATTERNġ5. To Suppress normal output instead print a count of matching lines: # grep -c PATTERNġ4. To Select only those matches that exactly match the whole line: # grep -x PATTERNġ2. To Select only those lines containing matches that form whole words: # grep -w PATTERNġ1. To invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines: # grep -v PATTERNġ0. To ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN and the input files: # grep -i PATTERNĩ. To obtain patterns from FILE, one per line: # grep -f FILE, -file=FILEĨ. To use PATTERN as the pattern: # grep -e PATTERN,ħ. To interpret PATTERN as a Perl regular expression: # grep -P PATTERNĦ. To interpret PATTERN as a basic regular expression: # grep -G PATTERNĥ. To interpret PATTERN as a list of fixed strings: # grep -F PATTERNĤ. To interpret PATTERN as an extended regular expression: # grep -extended-regexp PATTERNĢ. However, egrep is deprecated, as grep -E is the preferred syntax. The egrep command is essentially the same as the grep -E command. The ls -l | grep audit command returns a long listing of any files in the current directory whose name contains “audit”. In addition to searching the contents of files, you can use grep to search a directory in order to locate a certain file. ![]() Several common ones are described in the following table. The syntax of the grep command is: # grep Instead of reading the entire log or stepping through a search term in a text editor, you can simply print all of the relevant lines to the screen with the grep command. For example, you may want to audit a user’s login events by looking at an access log. In this way, you can use grep to both processes a text file and read the contents that are most pertinent to you. As output, grep displays each full line of the file that your search pattern was found in. Unlike find or locate, it is not limited to finding file names it is most often used to search the contents of a file for a particular string of text. You might want to redirect the results from grep into a new file and examine this with vi / less.The grep command, in its most basic form, is a search tool. ![]() Please mark the words of caution at the end of the second paragraph. Terminal and if the terminal driver interprets some of it as commands. binary-files=text might output binary garbage, which can have nasty side effects if the output is a Processes a binary file as if it were text this is equivalent to the -a option. That a binary file does not match this is equivalent to the -I option. That a binary file matches, or no message if there is no match. ![]() By default, TYPE is binary, and grep normally outputs either a one-line message saying If the first few bytes of a file indicate that the file contains binary data, assume that the file is Process a binary file as if it were text this is equivalent to the -binary-files=text option. You can use grep anyway to search through the file - it does not really care if the input file is really text or not.
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